Rwanda, Bisesero, 1994: Urufunguzo rw’itariki ya 27 Kamena ni iya 13 Gicurasi
Bisesero 13 may 1994 on a radio in Rwanda (12.07 Mo)
Reka dusangire uru rubuga hafi yacu na zimwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga hepfo !
Hari ku ya 27 Kamena 1994, Bisesero mu Burengerazuba bw’u Rwanda. Urukurikirane rw’imodoka z’igikorwa cy’ubutabazi kiswe Tirikwaze (Turquoise) zigaragaza mu maso y’amajana y’interahamwe z’abajenosideri zicaga, nk’abaje gutabara abaturage b’abatutsi bicwaga. Icyo gihe babarirwaga hafi mu bihumbi bibiri bari bihishe nyuma y’ukwezi n’igice ku ya 13 Gicurasi bapfushije benewabo babarirwa mu bihumbi mirongo itanu.
Uwari ukuriye icyo gikorwa cy’ubutabazi bise Turquoise, araza arababwira ko atabashije kubatabara ko azaba yagiye mu minsi itatu. Ni muri iyo minsi itatu, icya kabiri cy’abari barokotse ubwicanyi bwo ku ya 13 Gicurasi batsembatsembwe.
Babiyeretse bazanye n’interahamwe nkuru yari ikuriye izindi iza isa n’ibereka aho abo batutsi bari bihishe, nyuma nibwo interahamwe zaje kubatsemba abo basirikare b’abafaransa bamaze kwigendera. Mbere gato abo batutsi bari babimenyesheje abo basirikare b’abafaransa ko uwo muntu waje abereka inzira ari mu nterahamwe zari ziyoboye izindi muri iyo ntara.
Abafaransa birengagije ko kumurekura nyuma y’uko abonye aho abo batutsi bari bihishe agiye kubwira abo bakoranaga ko abatutsi bagihari ku bwinshi, akerekana aho bihishe, akanabamenyesha ko mu minsi itatu abo Bafaransa bazaba batagihari nk’uko bari bamaze kubyivugira nabo bakaza kubarangiza.
Kandi hari ibisubizo iyo abo Bafaransa bashaka kubafasha; Bari kubika uwo muyobozi w’interahamwe mu minsi itatu, bakabaherekeza bakabageza i Gishyita (hari isaha ugenda n’amaguru) kubera ko ijoro ryari riguye kandi interahamwe zari zatashye kuko bwari bwije, bashoboraga no kubaherekeza bakabageza ku Kibuye aho bari kugera nka saa tatu z’ijoro, bakahasiga abasirikare bake b’abafaransa mu gihe bagitegereje korerezwa ubufasha. Rero iyo babishaka ibisubizo byari byinshi.
Ni uko inshuro ya kabiri jenoside ya Bisesero yabashije kubaho nk’uko byagenze ku bihumbi mirongo itanu by’abatutsi mu kwezi n’igice kwari gushije hahandi bagenzi babo biciwe. Ya nterahamwe nkuru imaze kumenyesha abo bafatanyaga kwica, bitabaje na none nko ku ya 13 Gicurasi, interahamwe [uyu wari umutwe w’abajenosideri witwara gisirikare watojwe n’abasirikare b’Abafaransa bari baraje mu bikorwa byiswe Noroît mu 1992 no mu 1993] zo mu zindi ntara za Gisenyi na Cyangugu…).
Nkuko byagenze mu kwezi n’igice kwari gushize za bisi zuzuye abicanyi b’interahamwe zasesekaye mu Bisesero. Nkuko byagenze ku ya 13 Gicurasi, abatutsi bari bihishe babonye imipanga mishya ityaye mu mpande zombi iza irabagirana mu biganza by’interahamwe zibuka neza ko zayihawe n’abasirikare b’abafaransa bari mu cyiswe Operation Turquoise bakayikura mu mamodoka yabo yo mu bwoko bwa jipe yari ahagaze kwa Koroneli Simba i Cyangugu
Aho niho igereranya rihagarariye. Mu mpera za Kamena, abatutsi bari basigaye ari ibihumbi bibiri. Mu gitondo cyo ku ya 13 Gicurasi bari ibihumbi mirongo itanu. Mu mpera za Kamena, bananiwe , baratsembwe, nta kindi bari basigaranye ntibabashaga no kwihisha.
Mbere ya 13 Gicurasi imbaraga, ubuhanga bari bafite byatumaga interahamwe zitinya abo bagore n’abagabo n’abana bari bambaye ubushwambagara nta ntwaro! Niba wibaza impamvu abo batutsi batabashije guhangana n’ubwicanyi ndengakamere bwo ku ya 13 Gicurasi? Dore igisubizo.
Imbere y’ubushizi bw’amanga interahamwe zababonanye, abajenosideri batinyiraga ubuzima bwabo ngo butahagwa. Hagombaga igisubizo cyihariye ngo barimbure abari itsinda rya nyuma ryari risigaye ritararimburwa rihanganye n’ abajenosideri. Hitabazwa ingabo z’abafaransa ngo zifashe interahamwe zari zaturutse imihanda yose ngo bakore ubwo bwicanyi.
Abacitse ku icumu bo mu Bisesero basobanura iby' abazungu bo ku ya 13 Gicurasi 1994 imbere ya televiziyo y'u Rwanda muri 2014.
Igikorwa cyaraboroheye; abaturage b’abahutu b’interahamwe bazungurutse imisozi abatutsi bari bihisheho, abasirikare b’abafaransa barashisha ibibunda bya rutura mu ntangiriro bakomeza barashisha n’izindi zirasa urufaya bose abasirikare b’abafaransa n’ababanyarwanda, hanyma interahamwe zikaza guhorahoza abacitse amasasu cyangwa batahise bicwa nayo.
Si abatutsi bose babonye abo basirikare b’abafaransa ubwo bitabiraga igitero cy’ubwicanyi ndengakamere cyo ku ya 13 Gicurasi 1994. Kuko abasirikare b’abafaransa babarirwanga muri mirongo hagati y’ikivunge cy’ibihumbi by’interahamwe z’abanyarwanda. Ariko bari bayoboye urwo rugamba. Abatutsi bake nibo bababonye ku ya 12 Gicurasi ubwo abo basirikare bahaje bategura igitero cyo ku ya 13 Gicurasi, abandi bababona iyo minsi yombi hari n’abatarabashije kubabona bitewe naho babaga bihishe.
Noneho tugaruke ku ya 27 Kamena, kuki bamwe mu batutsi babonye abazungu ku ya 13 Giurasi bizeye abasirikare b’abafaransa bagasohoka mu bwihisho? Igisubizo twagihawe na Simeon Karamaga wari wungirije uwari uyoboye abirwanagaho bo mu Bisesero. Karamaga we yababonye ku ya 12 Gicurasi ubwo biyegeranyaga n’interahamwe.
Simeon Karamaga
Bamubajije impamvu yihishuye ku ya 27 Kamena akishyira abasirikare b’abafaransa kandi yari yaraye abonye abo bazungu b’abaicanyi bihuza n’interahamwe z’abajenosideri b’abanyarwanda i Ruhuha, arasubiza ati “Hariya baraduhamagaraga. Ibaze umuntu umaze igihe kirekire ahigwa, yicwa hanyuma ukumva umuntu ukubwira ati ngwino ngukize, ntushidikanya”
[Amakuru yatanzwe na Siméon Karamaga]
Nicyo abarokotse bandi batubwiye cyatumye bihishura ku ya 27 Kamena bari barokotse ku ya 13 Gicurasi. Bibwiraga ko ntacyo bagifite batakaza kindi. Kandi rero tunibaze se abo bazungu b’abafaransa ntibari baraje bavuga ko baje mu bikorwa by’ubutabazi? Kuki abo batutsi bagombaga kwibaza niba baba bafitanye isano n’ababicaga ku ya 13 Gicurasi?.
Noneho twibaze. Ku ya 27 Kamena 1994, yari amahirwe yari ahawe icyari misiyo y’ubutabazi ya Tirikwase (Turquoise) ko yazanywe no gutabara abaturage bari bugarijwe no kwicwa. Kuki batashatse kubyereka abanyamakuru bari kumwe nabo mu modoka z’ubutumwa bagendagamo kandi yari amahirwe batari bizeye kubona ukundi?
Abaturage b’abatutsi basohoka impande zose mu myobo bari bihishemo bahigwa bukware batakambira abo basirikare b’Abafaransa bitwa ko baje mu bikorwa by’ubutabazi, kandi ibyo byose byabereye imbere y’abanyamakuru! Yari nk’impano ku butumwa bwa Tirikwaze (Turquoise)! Kuki rero batakoresheje ayo mahirwe ngo byandikwe mu binyamakuru byose?.
Kuki? Iki kibazo mbaza nicyo nigeze kubazwa na Mugenzi wanjye witwa Bruno Boudiguet, umwanditsi w’igitabo « Vendredi 13 à Bisesero » tugenekereje ni « Ku ya 13 Gicurasi mu Bisesero». Nibwira ko we yari amaze gusobanukirwa impamvu abasirikare b’abafaransa bari mu bikorwa by’ubutabazi bya Tirikwaze (Turquoise) batereranye abatutsi batsemberwaga mu Bisesero.
Kuko igisubizo kuri iki kibazo gishobora kuba ari uko bitari ngombwa kwiteza ikibazo ko abarokotse bazatanga ubuhamya kubyo abasirikare b’abazungu bakoreye aho (Abafaransa ku batangabuhamya bamwe) mu bwicanyi ndengakamere bwo ku ya 13 Gicurasi. Hanyuma no ku bijyanye na Tirikwaze (Turquoise) yiyitaga ko yaje mu bikorwa by’ubutabazi, ese sicyo inkambi ya Nyarushishi yari yaratoranyirijwe ngo isohoze icyo gikorwa?.
Karamaga yitabye Imana muri Werurwe uyu mwaka wa 2020. Ari mu bantu badasanzwe bagize ubutwari bwo guhangana n’abicanyi, byabaye ngombwa ko bahamagarizwa ingabo ziturutse ahandi zikaza zitwaje intwaro za rutura ngo batsembe abagabo n’abagore nka we, abaturage bari bambaye ubucocero bitwaje inkoni n’amabuye!.
Kandi ntitugaceceke ko kuba abatutsi ariyo mpamvu rukumbi yatumye abatutsi bo mu Bisesero batsembwa ku ya 13 Gicurasi, byaba ari ukubambura icyubahiro bakwiye. Niyo mpamvu dukwiye kumva abatangabuhamya bose tutitaye ko bishoboka ko hari bamwe muri bo ku mpamvu zo kwihisha batabonye abasirikare b’abafaransa ku ya 13 Gicurasi.
Abakurikiye amakuru mu Rwanda kuri televiziyo bumvise abacitse ku icumu bo mu Bisesero batanga ubuhamya ko hari abazungu bagize uruhare mu bwicanyi ndegakamere bwabereye mu Bisesero. Ntibibuza ko abo bacitse ku icumu b’aho babangamirwa n’uko bitazwi mu gihugu cyabo, inshuro nke gusa nibwo babashije kubivuga mu magambo yabo.
Urutonde rw’abarokokeye aho hantu ni rurerure ariko ntibumva impamvu ayo mateka yababayeho atagaragara mu nzibutso. Bo babihagazeho. Amateka yandikwa buhoro buhoro ariko bo ntibazahoraho ibihe byose. Ubu nicyo gihe cyo guha abatutsi ibihumbi mirongo itanu baguye mu gitero cyo ku ya 13 Gicurasi mu rufaya rw’amasasu, ibitwaro biremereye, ukuri kudaciyemo ibice ngo kubabere imva baruhukiremo mu mahoro.
Serge Farnel
Iyi nyandiko ni iya Serge Farnel, umwanditsi w’igitabo “Rwanda, 13 mai 1994. Un massacre français ?( Rwanda taliki 13 Gicurasi 1994. Ubwicanyi bw’Abafaransa?» ) (Aviso/ L’esprit frappeur-2012 [Umwuka ukubita-2012]) na « Bisesero. Le ghetto de Varsovie rwandais [Bisesero ubwihisho bwa Varizovi y’u Rwanda] » (Aviso-2014).
Ni ubushakashatsi yakoze ku ruhare rw’abasirikare b’Abafaransa mu bwicanyi ndengakamere bwa genoside bwo ku ya 13 Gicurasi 1994 mu Bisesero wabusanga ku rubuga: www.bisesero.net hari kandi n’icyahinduwe mu Cyongereza ku rubuga www.bisesero.net/en. Ubu bushakashatsi bwakomejwe na Bruno Boudiguet wanditse igitabo yise « Vendredi 13 à Bisesero [Ku wa Gatanu 13 Gicurasi mu Bisesero ] » (Aviso-2014).
Source: Igihe